http://swarawiki.wetpaint.com/pageSearch/updatedRecently Updated Pages on http://swarawiki.wetpaint.comen-usinfo@wetpaint.comFri, 19 Oct 2007 20:21:34 CDTFri, 19 Oct 2007 20:21:34 CDTwetpaint.com60http://image.wetpaint.com/image/2/GE71EFMr9Ru5uu4ksjTb5Q2063http://swarawiki.wetpaint.comA Wiki of the Classical Music of Indiahttp://swarawiki.wetpaint.com/page/Atulpas93http://swarawiki.wetpaint.com/page/AFri, 19 Oct 2007 20:21:34 CDT Aadhunika (see Adhunika)
Aahata (see Ahata)
Aalap (see Alap)
Aalapa (see Alap)
Abhoga
Abhyaas (see Abhyasa)
Abhyaasa (see Abhyasa)
Abhyas (see Abhyasa)
Abhyasa
Achala
Adabhuta (see Adbhuta)
Adbhuta
Adhunika
Adi
Agra
Ahata
Akaar (see Akar)
Akaara (see Akar)
Akar
Akara (see Akar)
Alanghan
Alanghana (see Alanghan)
Alankaar (see Alankar)
Alankaara (see Alankar)
Alankar
Alankara (see Alankar)
Alap
Alapa (see Alap)
Alpatva
Alapini
Alapti
Ameerakhaani (see Amirakhani)
Ameerakhani (see Amirakhani)
Amirakhaani (see Amirakhani)
Amirakhani
Anaagat (see Anagat)
Anaagata (see Anagat)
Anabhyas
Anabhyasa (see Anabhyas)
Anagat
Anagata (see Anagat)
Anahat
Anahata (see Anahat)
Ananda
Anga
Aroha
Avaroha

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]]>http://swarawiki.wetpaint.com/page/Anandatulpas93http://swarawiki.wetpaint.com/page/AnandaFri, 19 Oct 2007 20:20:45 CDT"Joyful, blissful state."

[from "A Comparative Study of Selected Hindustani Raga-s" - Patrick Moutal]

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]]>http://swarawiki.wetpaint.com/page/Anahattulpas93http://swarawiki.wetpaint.com/page/AnahatFri, 19 Oct 2007 20:18:36 CDT"Sound not produced by striking. Cosmic sound spoken of by Jogi-s... but which has not place in music.

[from "A Comparative Study of Selected Hindustani Raga-s" - Patrick Moutal]

"metaphysical, unmanifested sound, said to be experienced by yogis or more highly developed beings."

[from "my Music, My Life" - Ravi Shankar]

"In Indian musical theory it is said that there are two kinds of sound, one a vibration of the ether, the other a vibration of the air. The virbation of ether, which cannot be perceived in the physical sense, is considered the principle of all manifestation, the basis of all substance. It corresponds to what neo-Pythagoreans called 'music of the spheres'. It forms permanant numerical patterns which are the basis of the world's existence. This kind of vibration is not caused by a physical shock as are audible sounds. It is therefore called anahata, 'unstruck'. The other kind of sound is an impermanat vibration of the air, an image of the ether vibration. It is audible and always produced by shock. It is therefore called ahata or struck."

"Thus the Sangita-makaranda (I, 4-6) says:
'...In this unstruck sound the Gods delight. The Yogis, the Great Spirits, projecting their minds by an effort of the mind into this unstruck sound, depart, attaining Liberation.'
'Struck sound is said to give pleasure, 'unstruck' sound leads to Liberation.' (Narada Purana)
But 'this (unstruck sound) having no relation with human enjoyment does not interest ordinary men.' (Shiva-tattva-ratnakara, 6, 7, 12.)"

[from "The Raga-s of Northern Indian Music" - Alain Daneilou]

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]]>http://swarawiki.wetpaint.com/page/Anagattulpas93http://swarawiki.wetpaint.com/page/AnagatFri, 19 Oct 2007 20:13:09 CDT"Lit. 'which has not yet come'. When the stress (accent) is purposelt given before Sama (first beat of a rhythmic cycle) to create an effect of surpise."

[from "A Comparative Study of Selected Hindustani Raga-s" - Patrick Moutal]

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]]>http://swarawiki.wetpaint.com/page/Anabhyastulpas93http://swarawiki.wetpaint.com/page/AnabhyasFri, 19 Oct 2007 20:11:11 CDT"Opposite of Abhyasa lit. meaning 'repeating'. It is said of a weak note, which must not be repeated, on which stoppage must not be done."

[from "A Comparative Study of Selected Hindustani Raga-s" - Patrick Moutal]

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]]>http://swarawiki.wetpaint.com/page/Amirakhanitulpas93http://swarawiki.wetpaint.com/page/AmirakhaniFri, 19 Oct 2007 20:06:56 CDT"SitaraGata-s composed by Ustad Amir Khan or Gwalior (between middle XIX century and 1915)."

[from "A Comparative Study of Selected Hindustani Raga-s" - Patrick Moutal]

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]]>http://swarawiki.wetpaint.com/page/Alpatvatulpas93http://swarawiki.wetpaint.com/page/AlpatvaWed, 17 Oct 2007 19:40:05 CDT"Weak note; which must not be stressed."

[from "A Comparative Study of Selected Hindustani Raga-s" - Patrick Moutal]

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]]>http://swarawiki.wetpaint.com/page/Alaptitulpas93http://swarawiki.wetpaint.com/page/AlaptiWed, 17 Oct 2007 18:54:20 CDT
"That which is enriched by varna and Alankar and which is beautified by means of gamakassthayas, which appears attractive and pleasing by an infinite variety of expression has been described as "Alapti' by the learned. It is in alapti, that the musical beautifies and infuses life into the set scheme of the Raga by means of his creative imagination, thus depicting the mood (rasa) of the Raga. It appears to be a further advanced developement affording greater scope for aesthetic elaboration and creative imagination in representation of a Raga."

[from "Significance of Compositional Forms in Hindustani Classical Music" - Dr. Manjusree Tyagi]

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]]>http://swarawiki.wetpaint.com/page/Alapinitulpas93http://swarawiki.wetpaint.com/page/AlapiniWed, 17 Oct 2007 18:51:55 CDT
]]>http://swarawiki.wetpaint.com/page/Alaptulpas93http://swarawiki.wetpaint.com/page/AlapWed, 17 Oct 2007 18:46:58 CDT"in certain styles, the beginning of a musical composition. It is given the highest place in Indian music. The alap expresses and then unfolds the characteristics of a raga in respect to melody (phrases, important notes, tnoe range, etc.). The inherant rasas are usually karuna and shanta, serene and spiritual sentiments such as might be associated with invocations. The alap has no measured rhythm and is very slow in tempo."

[from "My Music, My Life" - Ravi Shankar]

"Exposition of a Raga without rhythmic accompaniment. In Dhrupada and instrumental music, it is composed of three parts (themselves subdivided): i.) Alapa, ii.) Joda, iii.) Jhala."

[from "A Comparative Study of Selected Hindustani Raga-s" - Patrick Moutal]

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]]>http://swarawiki.wetpaint.com/page/Alankartulpas93http://swarawiki.wetpaint.com/page/AlankarWed, 17 Oct 2007 18:42:04 CDT"Lit. 'embelishment', 'ornamentation'. It also means a geometrical development of fixed notes patterns. Combinations/permutations of 2-3-4 notes or more.
(ex.: SRG RGM GMP MPD, PDN DNS' | S'ND NDP DPM PMG MGR GRS ||)"

[from "A Comparative Study of Selected Hindustani Raga-s" - Patrick Moutal]

"Amongst other taan structures, a significant, but simplistic in construction, is the alankar taan. Alankars (lit. ornamentation) are practice excercises of varying complexity, with the dual purpose of training musicians in the precise delivery of tones irrespective of the order in which they are arranged, and preparing them for the techniques of improvisation fundamental to hindustani music..."

[from "The Typology of Taans" - Deepak Raja]

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]]>http://swarawiki.wetpaint.com/page/Alanghantulpas93http://swarawiki.wetpaint.com/page/AlanghanWed, 17 Oct 2007 18:36:53 CDT"Opposite of Langhana (lit. meaning 'omitting'). In a musical context, it therefore indicates that a note is to be shown, 'must not be omitted'."

[from "A Comparative Study of Selected Hindustani Raga-s" - Patrick Moutal]

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]]>http://swarawiki.wetpaint.com/page/Akartulpas93http://swarawiki.wetpaint.com/page/AkarWed, 17 Oct 2007 18:13:43 CDT"[the] 'a' phoneme used in singing." [contrast: Sargam and Num Tum]

[from "A Comparative Study of Selected Hindustani Raga-s" - Patrick Moutal]

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]]>http://swarawiki.wetpaint.com/page/Ahatatulpas93http://swarawiki.wetpaint.com/page/AhataWed, 17 Oct 2007 18:12:07 CDT"physical aspect of sound, perceived through the ears."

[from "My Music, My Life" - Ravi Shankar]

"Any sound produced by striking: which can be physically heard (opposed to anahata or cosmic sound which can only be perceived by nadajogi-s.)"

[from "A Comparative Study of Selected Hindustani Raga-s" - Patrick Moutal]

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]]>http://swarawiki.wetpaint.com/page/Agratulpas93http://swarawiki.wetpaint.com/page/AgraWed, 17 Oct 2007 18:01:07 CDT"...is a medieval city on the banks of the Yamuna River in India. It was founded by Sultan Sikandar Lodi in the year 1506. It lies currently in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. It achieved fame as the capital of the Mughal emperors from 1526 to 1658 and remains a major tourist destination because of its many splendid Mughal-era buildings, most notably the Taj Mahal, Agra Fort and Fatehpur Sikri."

[from "Wikipedia" - The Free Encyclopedia]

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]]>http://swarawiki.wetpaint.com/page/Aditulpas93http://swarawiki.wetpaint.com/page/AdiWed, 17 Oct 2007 17:53:47 CDT"Original."

[from "My Music, My Life" - Ravi Shankar]

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]]>http://swarawiki.wetpaint.com/page/Adhunikatulpas93http://swarawiki.wetpaint.com/page/AdhunikaWed, 17 Oct 2007 17:52:15 CDT"Modern, recent, new-fashioned. In Raga Sangita, Adhunika Prakara means 'modern type'."

[from "A Comparative Study of Selected Hindustani Raga-s" - Patrick Moutal]

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]]>http://swarawiki.wetpaint.com/page/Adbhutatulpas93http://swarawiki.wetpaint.com/page/AdbhutaWed, 17 Oct 2007 17:49:44 CDT"Lit. 'wonder', 'marvellous'. One of the nine Rasa-s."

[from "A Comparative Study of Selected Hindustani Raga-s" - Patrick Moutal]

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]]>http://swarawiki.wetpaint.com/page/Achalatulpas93http://swarawiki.wetpaint.com/page/AchalaWed, 17 Oct 2007 17:47:11 CDT"Opposite of Chala, meaning 'movement'. So Achala is 'fixed', 'immovable': in Indian musical theory, Sa and Pa are achala (unalterable) swara-s.

[from "A Comparative Study of Selected Hindustani Raga-s" - Patrick Moutal]

Achala Swar : The notes Shadja and Pancham are fixed on the scale. They are referred to as Achal swara (immovable, i.e. cannot be made komal or tivra)."

[from www.swaranga.org]

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]]>http://swarawiki.wetpaint.com/page/Abhyasatulpas93http://swarawiki.wetpaint.com/page/AbhyasaWed, 17 Oct 2007 17:43:02 CDT"lit. 'repeating'. [contrast: Anabhyasa"

[from "A Comparative Study of Selected Hindustani Raga-s" - Patrick Moutal]

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